Magnesium fluoride, powder what are the common uses

Magnesium powder and fluoride powder have various common uses. Magnesium powder is active and has a wide range of uses. In the field of metallurgy, it is often used as a reducing agent and can be refined into rare metals. Because of its strong reducing properties, it can capture oxygen in metal oxides and precipitate metals. When smelting metals such as titanium and zirconium, magnesium powder has a great effect. In the manufacture of fireworks, magnesium powder is also indispensable. It emits a dazzling white light when burned, which can add a brilliant luster to fireworks.

Fluoride powder has a variety of uses. In the chemical industry, calcium fluoride powder is often used as a raw material for the production of hydrofluoric acid. Hydrofluoric acid is an important chemical raw material and can be used to etch glass. Sodium fluoride powder is common in the field of wood preservation and can prevent wood from being eaten and decayed. In the ceramic industry, some fluorides can be used as fluxes to reduce the firing temperature of ceramics, improve the properties of ceramics, and make them denser and shinier. In the electronics industry, fluoride powders are used to make electronic components, such as magnesium fluoride, which can be used as optical coating materials to increase the light transmittance of optical components.

Magnesium fluoride, what are the physical properties of the powder?

Magnesium powder and fluoride powder, both of which are commonly used chemical materials, each have unique physical properties.

Magnesium powder has a light white color and is a highly active metal powder. Its density is quite low, about 1.74 grams/cubic centimeter. This characteristic makes magnesium powder popular in many fields that require lightweight materials. Its melting point is 650 ° C and its boiling point is 1090 ° C. Magnesium powder has excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, which is due to the commonality of metals. It is particularly crucial that magnesium powder is chemically active. It is easy to burn and explode in the event of open flames and hot topics. It can react quickly with oxygen in the air to generate magnesium oxide and emit dazzling white light. This characteristic makes it widely used in fireworks, flares and other fields.

There are many kinds of fluoride powders, and calcium fluoride is used as an example. Calcium fluoride powder is white and crystalline, with a density of about 3.18 g/cm3, which is heavier than magnesium powder. Its melting point is quite high, reaching 1423 ° C and boiling point is 2500 ° C. Such a high melting and boiling point is due to the strong role of ionic bonds in its ionic crystal structure. Calcium fluoride has a high hardness, with a Mohs hardness of about 4. It is insoluble in water and has limited solubility in acids. It can only slowly dissolve in hot concentrated acids. Calcium fluoride has good optical properties and high transmittance to ultraviolet and infrared rays. It is often used in optical fields such as optical lenses and window materials. The physical properties of magnesium powder and fluoride powder are significantly different, and they play an indispensable role in many fields such as industry, scientific research, and military.

Magnesium fluoride, what are the chemical properties of the powder

Magnesium fluoride formed by magnesium powder and fluoride powder has unique chemical properties. Magnesium fluoride is an ionic compound with high stability.

It is a white powder at room temperature and pressure, and its chemical properties are relatively stable, and it is not easy to react with many common substances. However, under high temperature or specific chemical reaction conditions, magnesium fluoride can also exhibit an active state.

Magnesium fluoride has good thermal stability. In high temperature environment, its structure is not easy to be damaged, so it is often used in the preparation of high temperature materials. And it has certain optical properties and has good transmission to specific wavelengths of light, and is also used in the field of optics.

In terms of acidity and alkalinity, magnesium fluoride is insoluble in water. When it encounters strong acids, it will slowly react to produce hydrofluoric acid and corresponding magnesium salts. This is because hydrofluoric acid is a weak acid, according to the principle of strong acid making weak acid.

In terms of redox property, magnesium in magnesium fluoride is + 2 valent and fluorine is -1 valent, which is relatively stable, so it is not easy to occur under normal conditions. However, when strong reducing agents or strong oxidizing agents exist and specific reaction conditions are met, they may also participate in redox reactions. Overall, the chemical properties of magnesium fluoride make it useful in a wide range of fields, including materials science and optics, and provide an indispensable material foundation for many industrial production and scientific research activities.

Magnesium fluoride, powder what is the production method

Magnesium powder is directly combined with fluorine gas. This is an ancient method for preparing magnesium fluoride powder. Take magnesium strips, sand them with sandpaper, remove the oxide layer on their surface, and make them have a silver-white metallic luster. In a fume hood, place the magnesium strips in a special reaction vessel. Fluorine gas is introduced, and fluorine gas is extremely active. It reacts violently with magnesium, and shines brightly to produce white magnesium fluoride powder.

However, fluorine gas is highly toxic and active, and it is dangerous to operate. This method is not used today.


is commonly prepared by double decomposition reaction. Take soluble magnesium salts, such as magnesium chloride and magnesium sulfate solutions, and soluble fluorides, such as sodium fluoride solutions, and mix them in a beaker according to stoichiometry. Stir to see the formation of white precipitation, which is magnesium The reaction equation is: $MgCl_ {2} + 2NaF = MgF_ {2}\ downarrow + 2NaCl $.

After the precipitation is complete, filter it with a Brinell funnel and a suction bottle to separate the precipitation from the solution. Wash the precipitation with deionized water several times to remove surface impurities. Then the precipitation is placed in an oven and dried at an appropriate temperature to obtain pure magnesium fluoride powder.

Another high temperature solid phase reaction method. Mix magnesium carbonate and ammonium fluoride in proportion and grind them to make full contact. Put the mixture in a high temperature furnace and react at a specific high temperature. Ammonium fluoride decomposes into hydrogen fluoride gas, reacts with magnesium carbonate to produce magnesium fluoride. After the reaction is completed, cool the product and grind to obtain magnesium fluoride powder. This method requires high temperature conditions and requires high equipment.

Magnesium fluoride, powder in the use of what are the precautions

Magnesium powder and fluoride powder have many points to pay attention to during use.

First, it is related to safety protection. The two may be irritating. When operating, be sure to wear suitable protective equipment, such as gloves, protective glasses, masks, etc., to prevent them from contacting the skin, eyes and respiratory tract, to avoid discomfort and even damage.

Second, pay attention to storage conditions. Store in a dry, cool and well-ventilated place, away from fire and heat sources. When magnesium powder is wet or high temperature, there is a risk of combustion or even explosion; fluoride powder may also deteriorate due to environmental factors, affecting its performance.

Third, the use process should strictly follow the operating procedures. When weighing, strive to be accurate, so as not to affect the effect due to improper dosage. When mixing, it is necessary to stir evenly to ensure that the two are fully integrated to achieve the desired reaction or function.

Fourth, pay attention to its chemical reaction characteristics. Magnesium powder is chemically active. When mixed with fluoride, or a specific chemical reaction occurs, it is necessary to clarify the reaction principle and possible products in advance to avoid unexpected situations.

Fifth, the operation field needs to be kept clean. After use, clean up the remaining powder in time to prevent it from being scattered in the environment and causing pollution to the surrounding area, and avoid subsequent accidental contact.