What are the main uses of sodium hydrogen fluoride?

Hydrogen, fluoride and sodium each have their own uses and are interrelated, playing a key role in many fields.

Hydrogen is the lightest and most abundant element in the universe. In the chemical industry, it is often used as a raw material for synthesizing ammonia. Ammonia is the key to the manufacture of chemical fertilizers, and it is related to the food of all people in the world. It is also used in the oil refining industry to help improve the quality of oil products, make fuel cleaner and more efficient, and is indispensable for the protection of transportation power. And in the emerging field of hydrogen energy, hydrogen is used as a clean energy source, burning only raw water, and has no pollution to the environment, providing hope for future energy changes.

Fluoride is widely used. In the metallurgical industry, it can be used as a flux to reduce the melting point of ores, promote the separation of metals and impurities, and improve the efficiency and purity of metal refining. In the field of building materials, some fluorides are used in the manufacture of glass and ceramics to improve their properties, such as enhancing the corrosion resistance and optical properties of glass. In the pharmaceutical industry, fluoride-containing drugs are common, such as fluoroquinolones, which have a wide antibacterial spectrum and are effective in the treatment of various diseases. And fluoride plays an important role in preventing dental caries. It is commonly found in toothpaste to strengthen tooth enamel and protect oral health.

Sodium, an active metal element. Metal sodium is an important reducing agent in organic synthesis, which can realize the conversion of many organic compounds and promote the development of organic chemistry. Its compounds also have many uses, such as sodium chloride, which is a common salt in life, indispensable for seasoning, and in chemical production. It is the basic raw material of chlor-alkali industry, and can be electrolyzed to produce sodium hydroxide, chlorine and other important chemical products. Sodium carbonate is widely used in glass, paper, textile and other industries, and plays a key role in the industrial production chain.

Hydrogen, fluoride and sodium, or directly participate in the reaction, or as raw materials to derive other products, have irreplaceable functions in industrial production, daily life, energy, medicine and many other aspects, and make outstanding contributions to the progress and development of human society.

Hydrogen fluoride sodium physical and chemical properties

Hydrogen, fluoride, and sodium are all chemical substances, each with unique physical and chemical properties.

Hydrogen is the lightest element, and it is a colorless and odorless gas at room temperature and pressure. Its chemical properties are active and highly reducing. At high temperatures or under specific conditions, it can react with many substances, such as combining with oxygen to form water, which reacts violently and exerts a lot of heat. Hydrogen is also often used as a reducing agent in the metallurgical industry to refine metals.

Fluoride, mostly a compound, of which fluoride ions are highly electronegative. Common fluorides such as hydrogen fluoride, which are colorless and irritating gases, are highly soluble in water to form hydrofluoric acid. Hydrofluoric acid is highly corrosive and can erode silica-containing substances such as glass because it can react with silica.

Sodium is a silver-white metal with a soft texture and a low melting point. It has extremely reactive chemical properties and can react rapidly with oxygen in the air at room temperature to form sodium oxide, so it is often stored in kerosene. Sodium reacts particularly violently with water to form sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas, and at the same time emits a lot of heat to burn the generated hydrogen gas.

When these three interact, sodium reacts with water in an aqueous solution containing fluoride first, and the product sodium hydroxide or then undergoes a metathesis reaction with fluoride, depending on the type of fluoride. If hydrogen participates in the reaction, it usually reacts with fluorine-containing compounds or sodium-containing compounds in the form of hydrogen under specific conditions to show its reductivity.

Hydrogen fluoride sodium need to pay attention to when storing

Hydrogen, fluoride and sodium are all dangerous substances and need to be very careful when storing.

Hydrogen is an extremely flammable gas, which can cause severe combustion and explosion in case of open flame and high heat energy. When storing hydrogen, be sure to place it in a cool and ventilated warehouse, away from fire and heat sources. The storage temperature should not exceed 30 ° C. It should be stored separately from oxidants, halogens, peroxides, etc., and should not be mixed. The storage area should be equipped with leakage emergency treatment equipment. Its containers should be strictly sealed, and explosion-proof lighting and ventilation facilities should be used. Machinery and tools that are prone to sparks are strictly prohibited.

Fluoride is mostly toxic and corrosive. Store fluoride in a dry, cool, well-ventilated place, away from fire and heat sources, and prevent direct sunlight. It should be stored separately from acids, alkalis, and edible chemicals, and should not be mixed. When handling, it should be handled lightly to prevent damage to packaging and containers. In the event of a leak, personnel from the contaminated area of the leak should be quickly evacuated to a safe area, and quarantined to strictly restrict access. Emergency responders are advised to wear self-contained positive pressure respirators and anti-acid and alkali work clothes. Do not let the leakage come into contact with combustible substances.

Sodium is also an active metal. It will react violently in contact with water or moisture, generating hydrogen and causing combustion. Storage of metallic sodium usually requires immersion in mineral oil or kerosene to isolate air and water. Store in a cool, dry and well-ventilated special warehouse, away from fire and heat sources. The storage temperature should not exceed 32 ° C, and the relative humidity should not exceed 75%. It should be stored separately from oxidizers, acids, halogens, etc., and should not be mixed. Use explosion-proof lighting and ventilation facilities, and strictly prohibit the use of machinery and tools that are prone to sparks. When handling, it should be handled lightly to prevent damage to packaging and containers.

All of these are related to safety matters. When storing such dangerous items, there must be no slack. It must be done in strict accordance with regulations to ensure safety.

Hydrogen fluoride sodium production method

The method of reacting hydrogen (Hydrogen), fluoride (fluoride) and sodium (sodium) is not detailed in ancient books, but based on today's chemical interests, it can be approximated.

Hydrogen is light and very active. Fluoride, often taking hydrogen fluoride (HF) as an example, is also active and highly corrosive. Sodium, metal, is also soft and extremely active.

If hydrogen reacts with fluoride, hydrogen (H ²) and hydrogen fluoride (HF) may not react directly under suitable conditions. Because the chemical bond between hydrogen and fluorine is stable, and although hydrogen itself is active, it requires extremely high energy to replace fluorine in hydrogen fluoride to break the fluorine-hydrogen bond.

Sodium and hydrogen meet, and at high temperatures, sodium can combine with hydrogen to form sodium hydride (NaH). The reaction formula is: 2Na + H2O $\ stackrel {high temperature }{=\!=\!=}$ 2NaH. In sodium hydride, sodium shows + 1 valence, and hydrogen shows -1 valence.

Sodium and fluoride, if it is a hydrogen fluoride solution, sodium is put into it. Because sodium is very active, it first reacts violently with water. The formula is: 2Na + 2H2O O = 2NaOH + H2O ↑ ↑. The resulting sodium hydroxide (NaOH) reacts with hydrogen fluoride, that is, NaOH + HF = NaF + H 2O O. If it is a solid fluoride, such as sodium fluoride (NaF), it is difficult for the two to react at room temperature and pressure. However, under special high temperature and pressure and catalyst conditions, other chemical changes may occur, but this situation is extremely rare, and related studies are rare.

Hydrogen fluoride sodium impact on the environment

Hydrogen, fluoride and sodium are complex and meaningful when they come into contact with each other in the world.

Hydrogen is a light and clear gas, lively and intense. In the state of nature, hydrogen molecules often exist. If it is in the atmosphere, although it is colorless and odorless, it is flammable and dangerous to explode. In the vast sky, although its amount is small, it is important for chemical changes and energy conversion.

Fluoride, there are many kinds and different properties. Hydrogen fluoride is common and highly corrosive and toxic. If released into the environment and enter the water body, the sewage source will harm the aquatic spirit, causing its aberration and death; if it enters the soil, it will damage the soil quality, inhibit the growth of plants, and cause crop failure. Humans and animals drink water with high fluoride content, or come into contact with fluoride-containing substances, they are prone to fluorosis, dental caries and other diseases.

Sodium, a genus of metals, is very active. Exposure to air, rapid and oxygenated, produces sodium oxides. If it encounters water, it will react violently, generating sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas. This reaction is violent. If there is a leakage of sodium in the water body, it will not only disturb the calm of the water, but also produce strong bases of sodium hydroxide, which can change the acid and base of the water body and harm the aquatic ecology.

When hydrogen, fluoride and sodium co-exist in the environment, or a series of reactions occur. For example, when hydrogen fluoride meets sodium, it can chemically change to produce sodium fluoride and hydrogen. This hydrogen is flammable, increasing the risk of fire and explosion; sodium fluoride accumulates in the environment, and also contaminates soil and water sources.

Or hydrogen oxygenates with air to produce water; and fluoride reacts with water or soil, releasing fluoride ions, and then combines with sodium to change the chemical composition of soil and water. Such changes are interconnected in the ecosystem, causing ecological imbalance, reducing biodiversity, and endangering the existence and prosperity of all things.