What is AMMONIA HYDROGEN FLUORIDE?

"AMMONIUM HYDROGEN FLUORIDE" is the English expression of ammonium hydrogen fluoride. Ammonium hydrogen fluoride is an important chemical substance. This substance is colorless and crystalline, with a slightly sour taste and deliquescence.

In the industrial field, it is widely used. First, it shows its talents in the glass etching process. Because ammonium hydrogen fluoride can chemically react with the silica in the glass, it can accurately etch the glass and shape various exquisite patterns and shapes. It is indispensable in art glass manufacturing and glass substrate processing in the electronics industry. Second, it also plays an important role in metal surface treatment. It can be used as a cleaning agent and flux on metal surfaces to remove oxides and impurities on metal surfaces, enhance the bonding force between metals and coatings or solders, and ensure the quality and performance of metal products. Third, in chemical production, it is often used as a raw material for the production of other fluorides, laying the foundation for the preparation of many fluorinated compounds.

However, it should be noted that ammonium hydrogen fluoride is corrosive and toxic. If it comes into contact with the human body, whether it is skin, eyes, or accidentally inhaled or ingested, it will cause serious harm to the human body. Therefore, when using and storing ammonium hydrofluoride, it is necessary to strictly follow the safety operating procedures, take complete protective measures, such as wearing protective gloves, goggles, gas masks, etc., and store it in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place, away from fire, heat sources, and avoid mixing with acids, alkalis, etc. to prevent dangerous reactions.

What are the main uses of AMMONIA HYDROGEN FLUORIDE?

Ammonium hydrofluoride, that is, ammonium hydrogen fluoride ($NH_ {4} HF_ {2} $), has a wide range of uses.

In the chemical industry, it is often used as an etchant. Although ancient techniques did not have such precise chemical materials, there are also etching-like things. Today, ammonium hydrogen fluoride can be used for glass etching. By reacting with silica in glass, it can accurately characterize the glass surface to form a fine pattern or a specific shape, just like ancient craftsmen carved utensils, to achieve unique artistic or practical effects.

It also has important functions in metal surface treatment. It can remove oxides and impurities on the metal surface, make the metal surface clean, and improve the adhesion of subsequent coatings and electroplating. Before wearing a metal garment, cleanse the body first to make the garment stable and durable.

In the agricultural field, it can be used as a raw material for chemical fertilizers. It provides nitrogen and fluorine elements for crop growth to help them thrive. Although this substance was not used in ancient agricultural methods, it is also the principle of fertilization and nourishment.

In the pharmaceutical industry, ammonium hydrogen fluoride may participate in specific drug synthesis reactions. It contributes to the manufacture of drugs, just like a pharmacist carefully blends medicinal materials according to ancient recipes to make a good medicine for curing diseases and saving people.

In the rubber industry, it can be used as a vulcanization activator to accelerate the vulcanization process of rubber and improve the performance of rubber products. It seems to inject vitality into rubber, making it tough and durable, similar to the ancient people's tanning of leather, enhancing its toughness.

What are the physical and chemical properties of AMMONIA HYDROGEN FLUORIDE?

Ammonium chloride (Ammonium Hydrogen Fluoride) is an important chemical substance. Its physical properties are quite characteristic. Looking at its appearance, it is usually colorless and crystalline, or in the state of white powder. When it is pure, the appearance is very clean and the texture is uniform.

In terms of its smell, ammonium chloride has a certain pungent smell, and it can smell a unique smell. This is one of its remarkable characteristics. In terms of solubility, it is easily soluble in water. When placed in water, it can quickly disperse and dissolve to form a uniform solution. During the dissolution process, or accompanied by heat changes, the heat change is not very severe.

Ammonium chloride has a melting point of about 125.6 ° C. At this temperature, its solid state will gradually melt into a liquid state. And its density is about 1.50g/cm ³, which is moderate compared to common substances.

Ammonium chloride is relatively stable in air and is not easily affected by ordinary environmental factors and deteriorates rapidly. However, it should be noted that it is corrosive to a certain extent, especially to some metal materials, if it is exposed to it for a long time, it may cause metal corrosion. Therefore, when storing and using ammonium chloride, it is necessary to choose a suitable container and environment to prevent its characteristics from changing due to external factors, and to ensure the safety of use and the efficacy of the substance.

What safety precautions should I pay attention to when using AMMONIA HYDROGEN FLUORIDE?

When using ammonium hydrofluoride (AMMONIUM HYDROGEN FLUORIDE), many safety matters need to be paid attention to. This substance is corrosive and can cause serious damage to the skin, eyes and respiratory tract.

When using ammonium hydrofluoride, you must wear appropriate protective equipment. Thick and corrosion-resistant protective clothing can resist its erosion on the body; high-quality protective gloves can protect the skin of the hands; professional protective masks or goggles can fully protect the eyes from its splashing damage. When operating, also ensure that it is in a well-ventilated place, preferably in a fume hood to quickly disperse possible harmful gases and prevent them from accumulating in the air and harming the respiratory system.

If you unfortunately come into contact with this substance, emergency treatment must be prompt and correct. Immediately after skin contact, rinse with a lot of water, preferably for more than 15 minutes, rinse off residual substances as much as possible, and then seek medical attention in time according to the injury. Eye contact requires more time and seconds. Immediately rinse with a large amount of flowing water or normal saline, and rotate the eyeball at the same time to ensure a comprehensive rinse. After rinsing, you should also seek treatment at the hospital as soon as possible. If you inhale accidentally, you should immediately evacuate the scene and go to a fresh place. If you feel uncomfortable breathing, you need to inhale oxygen and seek medical attention in time. If you ingest it by mistake, do not induce vomiting on your own. You should seek medical attention as soon as possible and receive treatment according to your doctor's instructions.
< b It should be placed in a cool, dry and well-ventilated place, away from fire and heat sources, to prevent its properties from changing due to environmental factors. It should also be stored separately from acids, alkalis and other substances to avoid reactions. The storage area should be equipped with suitable materials to contain possible leaks, so as to deal with emergencies in a timely manner.

What are the production methods of AMMONIA HYDROGEN FLUORIDE?

The method of making ammonium hydrogen fluoride has been known in ancient times, and there are two methods.

One is to use hydrofluoric acid and ammonia as raw materials. First take an appropriate amount of hydrofluoric acid and place it in a corrosion-resistant device. This device needs to be able to resist the corrosion of hydrofluoric acid. Then let the ammonia slow down into it, and when the two meet, they will be synthesized into ammonium hydrogen fluoride. This process must be careful to control the flow rate of ammonia gas to prevent overreaction. Because hydrofluoric acid has strong corrosion and ammonia gas is irritating, when operating, it is necessary to strictly follow the procedures, make good protective gear, and use it in a well-ventilated place.

Second, it is obtained by reacting ammonium fluoride with hydrofluoric acid. Take a solution of ammonium fluoride and add an appropriate amount of hydrofluoric acid to it. This reaction is relatively smooth, but also need to pay attention to the reaction During the reaction, the temperature should be controlled within a moderate range. If it is too high, ammonium hydrogen fluoride may decompose, and if it is too low, the reaction will be slow. And it is necessary to constantly stir to make the two fully mixed to promote the complete reaction.

These two methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. Synthesizing with hydrofluoric acid and ammonia gas, although the raw materials are common, it is dangerous to operate. Reacting with ammonium fluoride and hydrofluoric acid, although it is safer, ammonium fluoride needs to be prepared first. Workers should choose the appropriate method to produce ammonium hydrogen fluoride according to the actual situation, such as the acquisition of raw materials, the conditions of equipment, and safety considerations.